What are the differences between sheikh, emir, sultan and caliph?

sultan kingGüne denizin turkuaz rengi suyu ve huzur dolu atmosferi ile sizleri Sultans & Kings Hotel ‘ e davet ediyoruz. Denize Sıfır Konumda, En Lezzetli Yemekleri Sultans &Kings RestaurantNote that while a sultan is the king of an Islamic state, similar to the way a European king was the ruler (in the Middle Ages) of a CatholicChristian state, an Emir